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By the end of her first meeting with the late mayor Richard J. Daley, Jane Byrne had been questioned, berated, and told she might, one day, reach the House but probably not the Senate-and she had also reduced him to tears. That would be but the first of many altercations in her pioneering political career.
My Chicago is the story of Jane Byrne's rise from young campaign worker to the mayor's office, all within the bruising arena of Chicago politics. Part sociopolitical history, part memoir, it begins with a history of the city and her early life, before she enters politics as a paid staff member of JFK's presidential campaign and, soon after, begins service in the Chicago Machine, but not of it.
Her view from the inside allows Byrne to sketch portraits of Daley, for whom she eventually worked, members of the Kennedy family, and Presidents Carter and Reagan. And, of course, it provides a fascinating perspective on the battle to succeed Daley, which ended with her own triumph over the Machine and a controversial term as mayor, which saw her begin development across the city and (famously) move into the Cabrini-Green housing project. The first memoir by a Chicago mayor in two generations, My Chicago is a valuable history as well as an entertaining look at no-holds-barred city politics.
- Sales Rank: #1476565 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Northwestern University Press
- Published on: 2003-11-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.40" w x 6.00" l, 1.18 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 392 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
From Publishers Weekly
In an action- and intrigue-packed autobiography, the former mayor of Chicago recalls the turbulent histories of her immigrant family and of her beloved city, plagued with strikes, race riots, civil rights marches that turned violent and other upheavals. A widow and former Kennedy campaigner, 26-year-old Byrne was recruited as an aide in the early 1960s by all-powerful boss and then-mayor Richard Daley. She rose swiftly through the party ranks to the top of Chicago's byzantine political structure. Running against Daley's machine after his death, she won the 1979 mayoral contest and served a stormy term fraught with economic and labor problems. Her three successive bids for reelection were defeated by racial politics and by opponent Richard Daley Jr.'s dirty tricks, argues Byrne. The narrative is spiced with anecdotes and shrewd appraisals of political figures: a despondent Jimmy Carter, image-obsessed Reaganites and the Daleys, father and son, who first promoted and then apparently thwarted the ambitions of this remarkable woman. Photos not seen by PW.
Copyright 1992 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
This is ex-Mayor Byrne's account of the transition of Chicago's political power from the machine control of Richard Daley to her own competition with Richard Daley Jr. and Harold Washington. As such, it is an interesting counterpoint to the recent memoirs of Washington's supporters in Pierre Clavel and Wim Wiewel's Harold Washington and the Neighborhoods ( LJ 12/91) and the view from outside the city hall in Gary Rivlin's Fire on the Prairie ( LJ 3/15/92). However, using her personal recollections of growing up in the city and the major historical events that shaped the metropolitan area as reference points, Byrne also presents a broader view of the political and social development of Chicago than those other books. The anecdotes, historical references, and personal impressions provide a rich backdrop for the political analysis. This volume will be both entertaining and educational for general audiences and for scholars in the field.
- William L. Waugh Jr., Georgia State Univ., Atlanta
Copyright 1992 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Kirkus Reviews
In an engaging and readable work of history and autobiography, Chicago's first woman mayor reflects on the history of her city and of her tenure. Weaving her own story and that of her Irish immigrant ancestors into the narrative, Byrne devotes much space to the tumultuous story of Chicago from its beginnings as a frontier outpost to its growth into the multiethnic city it has become. She presents her own political rise as part of the tale of the ascent of the city's traditionally despised immigrant groups--particularly the Irish and the Germans. By the time Byrne was entering public life in the early 1960's (as an idealistic Kennedy supporter), Chicago was ruled by such groups through Mayor Richard Daley's celebrated political machine. Byrne joined the machine and became commissioner of consumer affairs. But as commissioner, Byrne claims, she quixotically resisted the pervasive corruption and back-room dealing of the machine. Ultimately, she was fired for attempting to blow the whistle on an illegal taxicab rate-increase. Byrne tells how ``Taxigate'' was the starting point of her successful run for mayor, one in which she dreamed of revitalizing Chicago's slums and neglected neighborhoods. She also tells of how she deferred those dreams once she learned that she had inherited an enormous deficit from her predecessor. Throughout her tenure as mayor, she pressed to reconcile her dreams of urban renewal with financial and political constraints, with her most spectacular success coming at Cabrini Green, a low-income housing project, where she took up residence and exorcised the gangs. In 1983, in a three-way race, she lost the mayoralty to Harold Washington. A compelling account of modern urban politics, from one who was there. (Photographs--not seen.) -- Copyright ©1992, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A Mayor Looks Back at the City She Loves
By LEON L CZIKOWSKY
This book serves as a combination of autobiography of a former Chiago Mayor and history book of Chicago politics. It is an excellent presentation of city govenment from an insider and historian. Readers will learn important lessons on policy problems facing big cities and advice on how to handle them.
In 1964, Chicago Mayor Richard Daley met and encouraged the 26 year old Jane Byrne, who he kept seeing at meetings, to contact her Alderman and become politically active.
She knew the history of Chicago politics. The Democratic Party under Mayor Anton Cermak created an ethnic coalition that excluded Italian Americans and African Americans, who tended to be more loyal to Bill Thompson's Republican organization. The Cermak organization campaigned for the party slate and not for individual candidates. When Cermak died, there was a scramble to take power that was full of secret meetings.
In 1960, Mayor Daley was upset when the John Kennedy for President campaign opened a campaign office in Chicago. The office recruited many ant-Daley Democrats. Daley insisted he ran all Democratic campaigns in Chicago. Bobby Kennedy met with Daley and explained the Kennedy campaign had an office in all big cities and it would seem the Kennedy campaign was ignoring Chicago if they didn't have one. Daley demurred but insisted on being in charge of all campaign events. Daley refused to meet with any Kennedy campaign officials except for John's father, Joseph Kennedy. The Democrats were concerned about Republican vote stealing in downstate Illinois. Daley deliberately withheld full reporting of Chicago's results so downstate Republicans would not know how many votes they needed to falsify in their totals.
Byrne volunteed for the local Democratic Party organization. She campaigned door to door. Mayor Daley sponsored Byrne to work on the War on Poverty. She heard complaints about crooked Health Board inspectors allowing spoiled food to be sold to poor people. Building code violations continued long after court orders to correct them were issued. Police were not enforcing laws on sales to alcohol to minor in poorer neighborhoods. The poverty program reduced criticism of Daley's government by hiring more poor people. Many jobs had yet been given job descriptions. The criticisms continued. A police shooting and wounding of a Hispanic protestor who drew a gun led to two days of riots.
Violent protest continued through much of the summer of 1966. Daley promised to build some swimming pools and opened fire hydrants with sprinklers in poorer African American neighborhoods. Daley though failed to significantly diminish his critics of his poverty programs.
In 1967, Daley appointed Byrne as Commissioner of the Weights and Measures Department. She was the first female Cabinet level Commissioner in any large American city. Byrne began giving daily assignments to her 50 inspectors to guarantee they were on the job.
After being appointed as Commissioner of Consumer Affairs in 1968, Byrne discovered there was a continuation of a long history of corrupt weights and measures inspectors. She notes Chicago has a long history of business influence and payoffs to government leaders.
Byrne learned that violating merchants usually faced office hearings where they were dealt with lightly. Byrne insisted citation be issued to appear in court and she was to receive copies of all citations. Byrne went along on inspections. She realized she needed more African American inspectors to go into mostly Black neighborhoods for inspections.
Byrne refused a suggestion of a bribe. Daley told her she did the right thing. Daley stated he didn't take bribes, either.
Byrne learned some inspectors increased their payoff demands from businesses after she became stricter. She notified the Department of Investigations. Some inspectors began harassing the stores that spoke up, by issuing them many citations, including for mislabeling oyster crackers because they don't contain oysters. Byrne realized if she halted even frivolous citations she could be accused of playing favoritism. She let them all proceed to court, the the Judges dismissed the frivolous suits.
Patricia Daley, the Mayor's wife, told Byrne that Daley wanted to support Robert Kennedy for President in 1968, yet Daley feared supporting Kennedy would get him assassinated. He feared Kennedy's eventual assassination was part of a plot.
Meanwhile, Daley insisted on loyalty. He refused to slate his previous top vote getter Adlai Stevenson III for Governor because Stevenson opposed President Lyndon Johnson's stance on the Vietnam War. Daley though advised Johnson that Daley thought Johnson would lose reelection. This could have factored into Johnson's decision not to run for reelection.
Daley blundered badly when rioting began and he ordered the Police Superintendent that officers should "shoot to kill". Daley tried to explain he meant that order only for arsonists. There was a great resulting public outcry.
Daley faced further criticism when police shot and killed Black Panther leader Fred Hampton. The press discovered inconsistencies in the police report. Daley responded to criticism by attacking Nixon and Republicans for inflation. The economic issues worked more with the public and Daley held onto power.
Byrne believes Mayor Daley took too much credit for downtown economic development. She believes most of it would have happened regardless of who was Mayor. She does note Daley was close to big business and that he reduced their assessment for lower taxes. Daley controlled 40,000 city jobs which added to his political strength in his dual role as Democratic City Chairman.
New Democratic Party rules required more party official representation of women and racial minorities. Daley made Byrne a Democratic National Committee woman.
Daley had Byrne establish a separate independent Democratic organization in two wards. The organization would attack Daley but would be secretly funded by his supporters.
Daley became ill. He appointed Byrne Co-Chairperson of the Cook County Democratic Center Committee and this was ratified by the Central Committee. Daley's son began cutting off long time associates form their ill father. Daley then died.
The President Pro Tem of City Council, under law, serves as Mayor until the Aldermen select an Alderman to be Mayor. The new Mayor, William Frost, was not acceptable to the party machinery. He was denied entrance to the Mayor's office by the police.
The aldermen elected Michael Bilandic as Mayor. Bilandic went on to win the next scheduled election for Mayor.
There were no campaign finance disclosure laws then. Daley's son, Michael, the Cook County Democratic Party Counsel, announced the party was out of money. Critics claimed as much as $20 million might have been missing. This issue has never been resolved.
Chicago cab owners reduced costs by making many of their drivers as independents who leased their cabs. Thus the drivers no longer had benefits paid for by the employer. Byrne challenged a rate hike. The cab companies refused to provide financial data. Byrne was upset by this.
Mayor Bilandic fired Byrne. Public opinion sides with Byrne over her firing. Jobless, Byrne decided to run a low budget campaign for Mayor. Byrne was elected.
Mayor Byrne distrusted powerful Alderman Ed Vrdolyak. She refused to meet him without another person being present.
Byrne learned as Mayor that Daley kept spending even as Federal funds disappeared. The city had no funds and was near bankruptcy. Financial advisors recommended she keep this a secret from bond rates and the public and that a midyear correction be announced with 2,000 city employees being laid off to fill the gap. Byrne decided not to hide the truth and announced the crisism
As Mayor, Byrne was upset the police were not as concerned as she felt that should be concerning gang killings.
As Mayor, Byrne met Ireland's Prime Minister Jack Lynch. Lynch explained that it was the strongest of the Irish who found ways to obtain and survive passage to America. Irish Americans were a leading segment of the Chicago Democratic Party organization. Irish Americans also had an organizational advantage over other newly arriving ethnic groups as they already spoke English.
Criminal elements sometimes persuaded government leaders to let their criminal activities operate. Even rival newspapers were not above unethical behavior by hiring people to attack newsstand owners and newsboys selling rival newspapers. Even a paper's own newsboys could be beaten, and some died, for failing to sell their quota of papers.
When Pope John Paul II scheduled a visit to Chicago, the ACLU won a lawsuit to guarantee no public funds would be spent on the visit. John Cardinal Cody mentioned to Mayor Byrne the streets and curbs near where the Pope and his party would stay required work. They were repaired. Byrne was upset to discover reports she had failed to invite the widow of Mayor Daley to meet the Pope. The Mayor's office did not create the list invitation first. Further, she learned Mrs. Daley had been personally handed a schedule of events. Byrne realized that continuations of feuds were all parts of politics.
Mayor Byrne met with President Ronald Reagan. Reagan agreed with an idea of categorizing people and moving poorer people with Federal assistance in live in Enterprise Zones of empty land that was hard to develop. Byrne was horrified by the concept Reagan suggested of forcibly removing people to live in designed areas.
Byrne observed President Reagan wore one blue contact and one brown contact. She found he tended to ramble. She was pleased when Reagan helped cut red tape to get projects implemented.
Byrne learned the school board had a debt of about $150 million to $300 million. The years of no tax increases had take its tool after years of rolling over debt.
Mayor Daley did not like movies being filmed in Chicago and permits were delayed and requests to close streets for filming would be denied. Daley feared films would sow Chicago in a poor light. A nervous John Belushi asked to film "Blues Brothers" in Chicago and to drive a car through a Daley Plaza window. Byrne approved the idea, believing it would make Chicago appear more open.
A City Attorney hostile to a Mayor engages in a practice called "dirtying someone up". They create grand juries and make it appear the Mayor is corrupt. City Attorney Benjamin Adamowski fought with Mayor Daley. City Attorney Richard Daley Jr. fought with Byrne.
Daley, Jr. investigated payoffs for concession booths at a city festival and street sweeping contracts. No Byrne Cabinet members were jailed but Daley received much publicity for investigating.
Byrne was concerned about killings in public housing. Many of the deaths were between Stones and Disciples drug selling gangs who were fighting. She moved into a public housing unit for awhile and spoke with residents. She learned how many children felt intimated by gang members and stayed off playgrounds. Gang members spied on children and intimated them.
Harold Washington defeated Byrne in the primary when she sought reelection. Washington received strong support from African American voters while another candidate, Richard Daley, Jr. cut into Byrne's ethnic support. Washington died in officer and was replaced by Alderman Eugene Sawyer. Daley defeated Sawyer in the next primary and became Mayor.
Byrne notes the difficulties of running a bit city. The tax base often is shrinking. Yet, higher taxes, which she imposed for needed revenues, are unpopular.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Chicago Mayor Jane Byrne Looks Back
By Leon Czikowsky
This book serves as a combination of autobiography of a former Chiago Mayor and history book of Chicago politics. It is an excellent presentation of city govenment from an insider and historian. Readers will learn important lessons on policy problems facing big cities and advice on how to handle them.
In 1964, Chicago Mayor Richard Daley met and encouraged the 26 year old Jane Byrne, who he kept seeing at meetings, to contact her Alderman and become politically active.
She knew the history of Chicago politics. The Democratic Party under Mayor Anton Cermak created an ethnic coalition that excluded Italian Americans and African Americans, who tended to be more loyal to Bill Thompson's Republican organization. The Cermak organization campaigned for the party slate and not for individual candidates. When Cermak died, there was a scramble to take power that was full of secret meetings.
In 1960, Mayor Daley was upset when the John Kennedy for President campaign opened a campaign office in Chicago. The office recruited many ant-Daley Democrats. Daley insisted he ran all Democratic campaigns in Chicago. Bobby Kennedy met with Daley and explained the Kennedy campaign had an office in all big cities and it would seem the Kennedy campaign was ignoring Chicago if they didn't have one. Daley demurred but insisted on being in charge of all campaign events. Daley refused to meet with any Kennedy campaign officials except for John's father, Joseph Kennedy. The Democrats were concerned about Republican vote stealing in downstate Illinois. Daley deliberately withheld full reporting of Chicago's results so downstate Republicans would not know how many votes they needed to falsify in their totals.
Byrne volunteed for the local Democratic Party organization. She campaigned door to door. Mayor Daley sponsored Byrne to work on the War on Poverty. She heard complaints about crooked Health Board inspectors allowing spoiled food to be sold to poor people. Building code violations continued long after court orders to correct them were issued. Police were not enforcing laws on sales to alcohol to minor in poorer neighborhoods. The poverty program reduced criticism of Daley's government by hiring more poor people. Many jobs had yet been given job descriptions. The criticisms continued. A police shooting and wounding of a Hispanic protestor who drew a gun led to two days of riots.
Violent protest continued through much of the summer of 1966. Daley promised to build some swimming pools and opened fire hydrants with sprinklers in poorer African American neighborhoods. Daley though failed to significantly diminish his critics of his poverty programs.
In 1967, Daley appointed Byrne as Commissioner of the Weights and Measures Department. She was the first female Cabinet level Commissioner in any large American city. Byrne began giving daily assignments to her 50 inspectors to guarantee they were on the job.
After being appointed as Commissioner of Consumer Affairs in 1968, Byrne discovered there was a continuation of a long history of corrupt weights and measures inspectors. She notes Chicago has a long history of business influence and payoffs to government leaders.
Byrne learned that violating merchants usually faced office hearings where they were dealt with lightly. Byrne insisted citation be issued to appear in court and she was to receive copies of all citations. Byrne went along on inspections. She realized she needed more African American inspectors to go into mostly Black neighborhoods for inspections.
Byrne refused a suggestion of a bribe. Daley told her she did the right thing. Daley stated he didn't take bribes, either.
Byrne learned some inspectors increased their payoff demands from businesses after she became stricter. She notified the Department of Investigations. Some inspectors began harassing the stores that spoke up, by issuing them many citations, including for mislabeling oyster crackers because they don't contain oysters. Byrne realized if she halted even frivolous citations she could be accused of playing favoritism. She let them all proceed to court, the the Judges dismissed the frivolous suits.
Patricia Daley, the Mayor's wife, told Byrne that Daley wanted to support Robert Kennedy for President in 1968, yet Daley feared supporting Kennedy would get him assassinated. He feared Kennedy's eventual assassination was part of a plot.
Meanwhile, Daley insisted on loyalty. He refused to slate his previous top vote getter Adlai Stevenson III for Governor because Stevenson opposed President Lyndon Johnson's stance on the Vietnam War. Daley though advised Johnson that Daley thought Johnson would lose reelection. This could have factored into Johnson's decision not to run for reelection.
Daley blundered badly when rioting began and he ordered the Police Superintendent that officers should "shoot to kill". Daley tried to explain he meant that order only for arsonists. There was a great resulting public outcry.
Daley faced further criticism when police shot and killed Black Panther leader Fred Hampton. The press discovered inconsistencies in the police report. Daley responded to criticism by attacking Nixon and Republicans for inflation. The economic issues worked more with the public and Daley held onto power.
Byrne believes Mayor Daley took too much credit for downtown economic development. She believes most of it would have happened regardless of who was Mayor. She does note Daley was close to big business and that he reduced their assessment for lower taxes. Daley controlled 40,000 city jobs which added to his political strength in his dual role as Democratic City Chairman.
New Democratic Party rules required more party official representation of women and racial minorities. Daley made Byrne a Democratic National Committee woman.
Daley had Byrne establish a separate independent Democratic organization in two wards. The organization would attack Daley but would be secretly funded by his supporters.
Daley became ill. He appointed Byrne Co-Chairperson of the Cook County Democratic Center Committee and this was ratified by the Central Committee. Daley's son began cutting off long time associates form their ill father. Daley then died.
The President Pro Tem of City Council, under law, serves as Mayor until the Aldermen select an Alderman to be Mayor. The new Mayor, William Frost, was not acceptable to the party machinery. He was denied entrance to the Mayor's office by the police.
The aldermen elected Michael Bilandic as Mayor. Bilandic went on to win the next scheduled election for Mayor.
There were no campaign finance disclosure laws then. Daley's son, Michael, the Cook County Democratic Party Counsel, announced the party was out of money. Critics claimed as much as $20 million might have been missing. This issue has never been resolved.
Chicago cab owners reduced costs by making many of their drivers as independents who leased their cabs. Thus the drivers no longer had benefits paid for by the employer. Byrne challenged a rate hike. The cab companies refused to provide financial data. Byrne was upset by this.
Mayor Bilandic fired Byrne. Public opinion sides with Byrne over her firing. Jobless, Byrne decided to run a low budget campaign for Mayor. Byrne was elected.
Mayor Byrne distrusted powerful Alderman Ed Vrdolyak. She refused to meet him without another person being present.
Byrne learned as Mayor that Daley kept spending even as Federal funds disappeared. The city had no funds and was near bankruptcy. Financial advisors recommended she keep this a secret from bond rates and the public and that a midyear correction be announced with 2,000 city employees being laid off to fill the gap. Byrne decided not to hide the truth and announced the crisism
As Mayor, Byrne was upset the police were not as concerned as she felt that should be concerning gang killings.
As Mayor, Byrne met Ireland's Prime Minister Jack Lynch. Lynch explained that it was the strongest of the Irish who found ways to obtain and survive passage to America. Irish Americans were a leading segment of the Chicago Democratic Party organization. Irish Americans also had an organizational advantage over other newly arriving ethnic groups as they already spoke English.
Criminal elements sometimes persuaded government leaders to let their criminal activities operate. Even rival newspapers were not above unethical behavior by hiring people to attack newsstand owners and newsboys selling rival newspapers. Even a paper's own newsboys could be beaten, and some died, for failing to sell their quota of papers.
When Pope John Paul II scheduled a visit to Chicago, the ACLU won a lawsuit to guarantee no public funds would be spent on the visit. John Cardinal Cody mentioned to Mayor Byrne the streets and curbs near where the Pope and his party would stay required work. They were repaired. Byrne was upset to discover reports she had failed to invite the widow of Mayor Daley to meet the Pope. The Mayor's office did not create the list invitation first. Further, she learned Mrs. Daley had been personally handed a schedule of events. Byrne realized that continuations of feuds were all parts of politics.
Mayor Byrne met with President Ronald Reagan. Reagan agreed with an idea of categorizing people and moving poorer people with Federal assistance in live in Enterprise Zones of empty land that was hard to develop. Byrne was horrified by the concept Reagan suggested of forcibly removing people to live in designed areas.
Byrne observed President Reagan wore one blue contact and one brown contact. She found he tended to ramble. She was pleased when Reagan helped cut red tape to get projects implemented.
Byrne learned the school board had a debt of about $150 million to $300 million. The years of no tax increases had take its tool after years of rolling over debt.
Mayor Daley did not like movies being filmed in Chicago and permits were delayed and requests to close streets for filming would be denied. Daley feared films would sow Chicago in a poor light. A nervous John Belushi asked to film "Blues Brothers" in Chicago and to drive a car through a Daley Plaza window. Byrne approved the idea, believing it would make Chicago appear more open.
A City Attorney hostile to a Mayor engages in a practice called "dirtying someone up". They create grand juries and make it appear the Mayor is corrupt. City Attorney Benjamin Adamowski fought with Mayor Daley. City Attorney Richard Daley Jr. fought with Byrne.
Daley, Jr. investigated payoffs for concession booths at a city festival and street sweeping contracts. No Byrne Cabinet members were jailed but Daley received much publicity for investigating.
Byrne was concerned about killings in public housing. Many of the deaths were between Stones and Disciples drug selling gangs who were fighting. She moved into a public housing unit for awhile and spoke with residents. She learned how many children felt intimated by gang members and stayed off playgrounds. Gang members spied on children and intimated them.
Harold Washington defeated Byrne in the primary when she sought reelection. Washington received strong support from African American voters while another candidate, Richard Daley, Jr. cut into Byrne's ethnic support. Washington died in officer and was replaced by Alderman Eugene Sawyer. Daley defeated Sawyer in the next primary and became Mayor.
Byrne notes the difficulties of running a bit city. The tax base often is shrinking. Yet, higher taxes, which she imposed for needed revenues, are unpopular.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
My Chicago
By MrSmit
My Chicago is the fascinating autobiography of Jane Byrne, former mayor of the city of Chicago. The book is a great account about Jane Byrne, and it really goes into detail about her time from a Daley appointee to mayor of the city of Chicago. It goes into great detail from Byrne's viewpoint of the corruption that gripped the city of Chicago during the Daley administration as well as Daley's heavy involvement in national politics. It shows how Byrne's concern of a bankrupt, high crime, and racist city were among the reasons for her decision to run for mayor, not just the fact that she was fired by Mayor Bilandic. This book gives me the perfect point of view of one of my topic subjects for my Senior Thesis, Jane Byrne, in her own words and perspective very accurately, though, obviously biased. This book helps me to piece together the climate of Chicago before the blizzard of 1979 and many of the things that Mayor Byrne had to go through to make it in the machine controlled Chicago. For my thesis over the election between Michael Bilandic and Jane Byrne, it's a breeze to read and is helpful in getting more perspective of the climate of Chicago during that time as well as who Jane Byrne is.
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